Diabetes Mellitus and Hmong Americans: A Scoping Review

Aim:  To provide of a review of research evidence of diabetes in the Hmong.  Background: When immigrating to the US, the Hmong, an ethnic minority group predominantly from Laos, experience a transition from an agrarian society to a more industrialized society.  This places the Hmong at an increased risk for chronic illnesses such as diabetes.  Anecdotal evidence suggests that diabetes is on the rise in this population.  Language, religion, and cultural beliefs are important factors to consider when planning culturally relevant diabetes care for the Hmong population.  Methods: Seven databases were systematically searched for studies examining factors that influence diabetes care in the Hmong.  A total of nine studies were retrieved.  A scoping methodology was applied.    Results: The empirical evidence of diabetes in Hmongs is limited, and key findings suggest that those living with diabetes have limited knowledge of the disease.  Implication: Cultural differences in Hmong Americans are significant in their diabetes care and should be considered when developing educational interventions.

Key words:  Scoping review, scoping study, Hmong, diabetes mellitus